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How Do You Write an Equation for a Translation of an Absolute Value Function?
Rewrite the equation y = 2|x-3|+4 to translate the graph to the right 1 and down 3.
Summary
- The form of an absolute value equation is y = a|x-h|+k
- 'a' is a constant that controls how much the graph is stretched or squeezed, and whether the graph opens upwards or downwards
- 'h' is a constant that controls the left and right translation
- 'k' is a constant that controls the up and down translation
- The vertex is where the two rays of the absolute value graph start and is at the point (h,k)
- Since 'a' is 2 in our equation, the graph is steeper than the graph of the parent function y = |x|
- In a translation the graph is the same size and shape as the original, just shifted to a new location

Notes
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- The form of an absolute value equation is y = a|x-h|+k
- 'a', 'h', and 'k' are constants
-
- 'a', 'h', and 'k' are constants
- 'a' controls how much the graph is stretched or shrunk, and whether the graph opens upwards or downwards
- 'h' controls the left and right translation
- 'k' controls the up and down translation
-
- The vertex is where the two rays of the absolute value graph start
- 'a', 'h', and 'k' are constants
- 'a' controls how much the graph is stretched or shrunk, and whether the graph opens upwards or downwards
- 'h' controls the left and right translation
- 'k' controls the up and down translation
-
- 'h' controls the left and right translation
- 'k' controls the up and down translation
-
- Notice how there is a minus sign in front of 'h' in the general form
- That means when we pick out 'h', it will have the opposite sign of what's in front of it in the equation
- So since there is a minus sign in front of 3 in x-3, our value for 'h' will be a positive 3
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- Since in the general form there is a plus sign in front of 'k', it will have the same sign that's in front of it in the equation when we pull it out
- So since we have a +4 at the end, 'k' will be positive 4
- Since we know that 'h' is 3 and 'k' is 4, our vertex (h,k) is the point (3,4)
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- A horizontal translation means we're shifting the graph to the right or left
- In an absolute value equation, 'h' controls the left and right translation
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- Remember, 'h' controls the left and right shift of an absolute value equation
- So to move the graph right one unit, we need to take the 'h' value we already have and add 1 to it
- The new 'h' value will be 3+1, or 4 once we simplify
- There's a minus sign before 'h' in the general equation, so be sure to put 3+1 in parentheses
- Our new equation, y = 2|x-4|+4, represents the graph of our original equation shifted to the right one unit
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- A vertical translation means we're shifting the graph up or down
- In an absolute value equation, 'k' controls the up and down translation
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- 'k' controls the up and down translation
- Any time k-values get smaller, the graph moves downwards
- When we subtract 3 from 4, we end up with a +1 on the end of our equation
- This gives us a new equation: y = 2|x-4|+1
- This new equation represents our original function shifted to the right 1 unit and down 3 units
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- y = 2|x-4|+1 is the equation after being translated right 1 unit and down 3 units
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- Remember, the vertex of an absolute value function is the point (h,k)
- The x-value of the vertex is the h-value of the new equation, 4
- The y-value of the vertex is the k-value of the new equation, 1
- Notice on the graph that our new vertex moved to the right one unit and down three units, just like our function was supposed to
- Our new graph is the same size and shape as the original one, just shifted to a new location in the coordinate plane